How To Choose a Torch?
How many types of welding torches are there?
The torch, which delivers the protective gas and weld metal to the welded area, enables the welder to weld. Torch types also vary according to the welding machine and material.
Torches are divided into three types: MIG-MAG type torches, which we call gas metal arc torches; TIG torches used in TIG welding machines and plasma cutting torches.
The Machine and the Torch Should Be Compatible
When we look at gas metal arc welding torches, the machine and the torch need to have the same amperage. For example, for a 500-amp machine, a torch with a 500-amp carrying capacity should be used. Having a very long torch is also a disadvantage for the welder because transmission problems can occur. The welding torch should be as short as possible whenever possible.
How It Is Used Affects the Life of the Torch
Increasing the lifetime is a factor also in the hands of the welder. In the field, welding torches are the parts most exposed to heat. It is the part that is exposed to the most heat right in front of the arc and the bathroom. There are some common usage mistakes that we frequently come across. For example, instead of pulling the machine to move it, the machine is pulled by holding the torch. This damages the connection parts of the torch. Or a piece can fall on the parts of the torch that are on the ground, or it can be stepped on. There should be a place to hang the torch after the welding work is finished. It is possible to increase the service life by cleaning the burrs that splash into the nozzle during welding, or even by spraying a chemical spray.
There are Three Consumable Materials
In MIG/MAG torches used in gas metal arc welding, the part most exposed to heat is the nozzle. It is made of copper, and some versions are chrome-plated. Just behind the it, there is a component called the contact tip, and behind that is the diffuser, which distributes the protective gas during welding. And right after that, there is a tip holder, which is also made of copper. These are motly the products that we call pure materials, and since the contact tip is the part most exposed to heat, it is replaced at regular intervals. In these, materials containing zirconium are more resistant to abrasion and have a longer service life.
It Is Possible to Use Longer
For example, the service life of a contact tip varies depending on its application and the amperage used. However, careful handling by the welder can significantly extend the lifespan of such components. For instance, if burrs stuck to the nozzle is removed by hitting it, the nozzle may become bent, reducing its service life. In contrast, when the nozzle is cleaned using a hand tool, no damage is caused to the part.
Types of Torches According to Cooling Method
Water-cooled torches circulate water from the machine's connected cooling unit to the neck of the torch. This water circulation, passing through the torch neck and trigger handle, helps prevent the torch from overheating during welding. In this way, the torch is effectively cooled by water.
Air cooling, on the other hand, means that the torch is cooled by the surrounding air. These cooling methods apply not only to TIG welding torches but also to MIG/MAG welding torches.
